What Is A Call To Action In Writing

Want to entice your readers to buy?

Or maybe draw more subscribers to your newsletter?

Or maybe watch your conversion rates explode?

All you need is the right call to action (CTA).

Not only do CTAs give your prospects clarity, they also make your marketing campaigns more effective.

I've got a bunch of CTA examples that you can steal for your own campaigns. I'll also highlight three essential aspects of an effective call to action.

They work in every advertising channel, both traditional and digital.

Let's get started!

What Is a Call to Action (CTA)?

A call to action is an invitation for a user to take some desired action. You often see call to action examples in persuasive writing. Once a brand has made its case in a blog post or video, for instance, they'll often include a call to action at the end.

A political action group may write a piece on the importance of voting in the next election, for example. Their piece would probably end with a call for readers to register to vote with a link to a voter registration form.

You will also see a call to action button on homepages, in the right rail or even above the nav bar.

A company will put them anywhere they know their readers are looking to invite them to subscribe, browse products, input information or a number of other desired outcomes.

How Do You Write a Call to Action?

Before you write your call to action, determine the goal you're trying to achieve:

Do you want to increase subscriptions?
Boost sales?
Move readers to another content piece?

Once you know what you want to do, you can think about how best to do it.

The best call to action phrases are brief and use strong verbs.

They speak directly to the user. Instead of weaker call to action words like click here, an effective call to action phrase example will use more specific words that speak directly to the desired outcome:

Discover your best life

Join our community

Book your next adventure.

Here's a look at a few different CTAs.

In fact, NPR has great call to action examples all over their page. At the very top, a bright red button invites you to learn more about their car donation program. Just below that, a red heart (clearly implying you have one if you click) appears over the word "donate."

In the white space below, NPR tells you that they are supported by listeners, and includes yet another link to make a donation.

All of these CTAs serve one purpose: to get people to donate money to them.

Traditional Call to Action Examples

First, let's take a look at some examples of direct mail promotions from magazines.

Many of these are from magazines encouraging readers to start or renew a subscription. More specifically, they're from the inserts that often fall out from within the pages while you're reading, and look something like this:

There are three aspects that all of them have in common. Some are more obvious than others in their execution, but all take a similar approach to driving action.

See if you notice them while you read through this line-up of old CTAs, and I'll tell you my findings below.

Sales and Marketing Management Magazine

So if you were waiting for the perfect time to seize this opportunity, the time is now. Send for your free issue today.

Outside Magazine

Discover the exciting world of outside. Subscribe today.

Success Magazine

Get a taste of SUCCESS! Send me the form at the top of this letter, and I'll send you the next issue of SUCCESS absolutely free.

Harpers Magazine

May I send you a free copy? There is no obligation attached to my offer… Please let me know if you'll accept my offer by January 31.

House & Garden

So indulge—in so much excitement, for so little! Please take advantage of our "Summer White Sale" and save on a subscription to HG today.

Nothing too exciting, right?

To be honest, though, those were some of the more creative ones. The majority read like this:

Do mail your acceptance to me today.
So act right now. The postage is paid, and you've got nothing to lose but a great garden to gain!
SEND NO MONEY NOW! But please mail your card today!
So if you're looking for knowledge, a rewarding adventure, and the advantage a future perspective can offer, mail the enclosed card today!

See the pattern?

A call to action is often the final instruction to a reader, so it makes sense that for similar products, that instruction is largely the same.

After all, when it comes down to it, each of these magazines needs readers to mail an "enclosed card" to earn a subscription.

So without that directive, it wouldn't matter how well-written the rest of an ad's copy was. Even if a recipient liked it, if they didn't know to mail the card to subscribe, the campaign would be a waste.

Of course, this particular example is exclusive to print campaigns.

You'd never see a digital marketer requiring users to mail something to convert.

And I shudder to think of the abysmal conversion rates if they did.

Even so, there are three things that nearly all of the examples above include that are important for any call to action, regardless of format:

A no-obligation statement that removes or reduces risk. In many cases, they're asking for a free trial rather than a purchase. In other words, "try us, you'll like us." This gives people the confidence to buy.
All of them contain some version of "Mail your acceptance card." This is simple usability. You have to tell people what to do next. Today, it would read, "Click the button below."
Encouragement to respond right away. That's standard direct response. Don't give people an option to wait and think about it.

Together, these three elements make for a simple, straightforward request that requires little of the consumer.

And for most businesses, that's pretty ideal.

Now, let's take a look at how these elements translate into digital campaigns.

Adapting Traditional Techniques for Digital Formats

When marketers first started using digital channels to reach their customers, it was a logical choice to simply replicate their print campaigns in a new format.

After all, why would they spend time rewriting and redesigning what already worked?

That's why some of the earliest digital marketing campaigns and their CTAs perfectly mirrored old direct mail advertisements.

These ads were an almost identical approach to copy, and simply swapped out the "mail the enclosed card" directive for a link or button.

For example, take a look at this early email campaign from Stansberry Research's Retirement Millionaire promotion:

Today, this might come across as dated and spammy.

But based on the three call to action elements we covered above, it checks all of the boxes:

No obligation: "TRY" is in all caps, the email offers a full refund.
Usability: Readers are directed to click "Subscribe Now."
Immediacy: Copy includes the phrase "right away," and the CTA button uses the word "Now."

Again, this approach might not work today.

But the fact that many early digital campaigns were fairly similar to their print predecessors wasn't necessarily a bad thing.

Consumers were used to direct mail advertisements, and keeping the content largely the same likely made them more comfortable with the shift to digital.

They were already familiar with this style of copy, so the only change was that they could now click a button instead of taking a more complex action.

For example, check out this ad from another early digital campaign for Prevention's Dance it Off! series:

The graphic here makes the ad essentially look like a piece of direct mail, except that it instructs users to "click" instead of mailing something to respond.

Plus, keeping with the best practices above, it encourages readers to "try it free for 21 days!" instead of asking for an immediate purchase.

From here, some advertisers decided to simplify their calls to action as they shifted from print to digital.

W magazine, for example, relied heavily on the "why not" approach in their print campaigns.

The basic idea here is that by addressing readers' concerns and removing all barriers to action, you create the sense that there's no reason not to try a product or service. In theory, this increases the chances that potential customers will take action.

Here's how they used this logic in an old direct mail piece:

"This offer may not last long. So order W now—and see what you think of your free issue. After all, with so much to gain—and with absolutely nothing to lose—shouldn't you at least take a look?"

The effect they're hoping to achieve here is clear. By promising that readers have "so much to gain" and "absolutely nothing to lose," they're aiming to create a sense that not taking action would be an illogical choice.

If you're worried that your call to action isn't compelling enough to make readers want to take action, this can be an effective strategy. It essentially aims to shift a user's mindset from "why" to "why not?"

As W magazine shifted to digital, they continued to use this approach. But they adjusted it to take advantage of the immediacy that comes along with digital campaigns.

Just take a look at this advertisement for their 1-2-3 Shrink diet program:

Of course, a similar ad could've worked in print.

But instead of asking potential customers to pay $4.00, then wait a few weeks to receive the program, they're offering it immediately following payment.

For a reader who's already interested in this program, that's a pretty low barrier to entry. They could have the diet plan within minutes, and all that's standing in their way is a few bucks.

So, why not?

There's no significant reason they wouldn't want to take action.

And W magazine wasn't the only brand to make full use of this ability to earn immediate responses.

Another magazine, Audobon, attempted to entice readers with something beyond a simple subscription in their CTAs. Here's an example from one of their old direct mail pieces:

"To begin receiving AUDUBON at once and to enjoy all the other benefits of membership in the National Audubon Society, simply return the enclosed form."

The ad makes a brief mention of "all the benefits of membership." For a reader who was aware of what those membership benefits were, this might've been a compelling offer.

But even if they returned the subscription card right after they received this advertisement, it would be at least a week — and probably more — until they started seeing any benefits at all.

With digital marketing, that all changed.

Even without direct mail, advertisers gained the ability to make offers that presented immediate benefits to their target audience.

For example, take a look at this early "Off the Grid" promotion from Banyan Hill Publishing's Sovereign Investor:

In this case, the company encouraged users to reserve their spot "today!" and promised the first installment of an email series immediately.

This was a huge improvement over requiring potential customers to wait weeks for information. Plus, the idea of immediate gratification is much more compelling for most of us.

The ad also promises that there's "no obligation," includes a clear directive to "enter your email address below," and encourages readers to take action "today" — meaning it checks all of the boxes for an effective call to action.

It's also worth noting that in many cases, digital advertisements can convey much more information in a smaller space.

That's because they don't need to spend as much time spelling out complex directives.

For example, take a look at the copy from an old Earthwatch promotion:

"Got some free time? A week? A month? A summer?

Come volunteer for a conservation project in the wilds, an environmental project in the tropics, an archeological dig abroad.

Or if you're busy now, cheer us on from the sidelines.

If our organization sounds like something that you too would take pleasure in being a part of — whether by participating actively or cheering us on from the sidelines — I urge you to send in the order form at your earliest convenience…so your adventures can begin with the very next issue of EARTHWATCH."

The copy here is fairly compelling. After all, who doesn't get at least a little excited about the idea of embarking on an adventure in the tropics?

Plus, it does a nice job of offering a few different options.

Spending a week, a month, or a summer on a conservation project or an archaeological dig abroad simply isn't a viable option for many people. So it's wise for Earthwatch to also encourage readers to take the simpler action of subscribing.

Still, it's a lot of copy for what it's asking. If the same offer had been presented in a digital campaign, it likely could've been a lot more concise.

For example, take a look at this email campaign from Early to Rise:

There's still a fairly large chunk of copy here, but it's all relevant to the campaign's goal of enticing readers to click on either of the links.

It explains exactly what they can expect to gain by clicking, and why the company is qualified to be offering the promised information.

Of course, many of today's consumers would be skeptical of a company offering the "one secret of multi-millionaires."

And rightly so.

But remember, this is a campaign from the early 2000s — back when most people weren't quite as skeptical of everything they read online.

In that context, this email worked and was likely very effective in driving clicks. And readers who did click either link were directed to this dedicated landing page:

There's nothing on this page but a CTA and a field where readers can enter their email address to gain access to the company's so-called "secret sauce."

So once a reader makes it this far, they don't need to spend time reading lines of complex copy. There's one simple question — and if the reader's answer is affirmative, they know how to take action.

A call to action this simple likely wouldn't have worked in a traditional campaign because it doesn't fully explain what, exactly, the product is, or how it benefits the user.

But with digital campaigns, where users are already familiar with a product and just need to be encouraged to take a final action that offers immediate results, simplicity works.

In fact, at this point, saying that simplicity works might sound like stating the obvious. But this wasn't immediately clear to many of the first marketers making the shift from print to digital.

There was a clear learning curve as the industry shifted.

For example, another issue that many traditional marketers found challenging when they first switched to digital campaigns was striking a balance between weak and strong CTAs.

Today, most people are familiar enough with digital marketing that they know what's expected of them when they arrive on a landing page. Most of us naturally know to look for large, brightly-colored buttons with a clear call to action, since they're now a common landing page staple.

If your page doesn't include an obvious call to action, you risk losing potential customers.

For example, take a look at this landing page for Rich Dad Education.

What, exactly, does this page direct visitors to do? What's the call to action?

The only real directive on this page is "Pick your city." But what's the benefit of taking that action? What does it require of the user? And is there an immediate return?

It's hard to say — because the page doesn't include those details around this directive. In this case, I'd argue that the page doesn't have a call to action at all.

There's nothing compelling, risk-reducing, or benefits-oriented. So there's little here to compel anyone to respond.

This makes it an ineffective landing page. Or, at the very least, not nearly as effective as it could be with a clear CTA.

But on the flip side, some digital marketers also make the mistake of making their CTAs too strong. I don't mean that they present too many benefits, or make it too obvious what a reader stands to gain. That would be extremely difficult to do.

Instead, they attempt to force users to convert by making it the only action they can take on a page.

For example, check out this old popup from Joss & Main:

If a user lands on this page and is ready to join (or is already a member), this is likely extremely effective at converting them.

But what if a visitor isn't ready to take that step? What if they just want to browse the site and see what the company has to offer before becoming a member?

Well, that's too bad — because the pop-up blocks the rest of the content on the page until they share their email.

This means the user is stuck if they don't want to respond. They can either "Join Now," or leave.

This call to action example is a little too high-pressure.

It makes sense to encourage new visitors to sign up, but this ultimatum-style popup likely cost the company at least a few customers who would've signed up if they'd been given the opportunity to make that choice on their own.

Fortunately, many companies have learned to strike a balance where they guide visitors to take action without forcing them to do so.

Now, let's take a look at how Joss & Main earns new members today. Instead of requiring visitors to enter their email upon arrival, they let them freely browse their products without a popup in sight. Users can learn about what the company has to offer and determine whether they're interested in buying at their leisure.

They can also add various items to their cart as they browse. Then, when they click the cart icon, presumably to start the checkout process, they're directed to the following page:

Here, they're required to enter their email address to make their purchase.

But for a user who's already prepared to spend money and complete a transaction, this isn't a huge request. In fact, it's a necessary step in the ecommerce sales process, since customers typically receive order confirmations and shipping updates via email.

By moving this requirement to a later point in the sales process, the company eliminated a barrier that likely cost them a significant amount of customers early on.

Of course, this is just one of many lessons marketers needed to learn in order to effectively shift their campaigns to the new digital landscape. We are sharing great call to action examples for sales on this article. So use them in your favor!

And while some of it might seem obvious in hindsight, that's simply because many of us already know the standard "best practices" involved in creating online campaigns.

What Makes a Good Call To Action? 3 Things That a CTA Must Present

From the days of magazine mail-in cards to now, marketers have been able to boil an effective CTA down to three elements:

A no-obligation statement
Some updated version of "mail your acceptance card"
sense of urgency around responding right away.

Let's look at some call to action examples for each of these elements.

A No-Obligation Statement That Removes or Reduces Risk

Care.com's CTA lets you know right away that you can search their site for free. That means website visitors don't have to commit before they assess whether or not Care.com is the right portal for them.

All of Them Contain Some Version of "Mail Your Acceptance Card"

The call to action text for Litworth gets straight to the point. Sign up with them (i.e., mail in the acceptance card) and a writer will find paying publications.

For those of you who don't know, not all publications pay, so this is a pretty attention-grabbing CTA. They continue to entice by listing all the benefits of signing up. Then you find out it's all free. You're in.

Encouragement to Respond Right Away

Disney World is the master of creating a sense of urgency. Like most vacation destinations, they run deals throughout the year.

If you respond before a certain date (in this case, October 8) you get a discount on your stay. That looming date is enough encouragement to get a website visitor to view the details and browse vacation options, at the very least.

Call to Action in Writing: Copywriting Techniques For an Effective CTA

We've come a long way from those early days of digital marketing. Still, the general approach that many traditional marketers took in their print campaigns can serve as a starting point for writing effective online copy.

And when combined with all of the advantages that digital marketing offers, they can be even more successful in driving results.

So with that in mind, let's jump into five ways you can use a traditional marketing mindset to improve your online campaigns.

1. Emphasize Low Risk

The first of the three common elements in the traditional CTAs above was a focus on a lack of obligation or risk on the customer's part.

From a consumer's perspective, this makes perfect sense. The less you stand to lose from an action, the more comfortable you'll be with the idea of taking it.

And even as the marketing industry evolves, this concept hasn't changed a bit. Take a look at this CTA example for Amazon's Prime Video service:

A free trial alone is enough of an incentive for many people to test the service. But beyond that, this call to action emphasizes that users can sign up "risk free" and "cancel anytime."

If a visitor has any hesitations after initially landing on the page, these details can ease their fears about committing to the service. The knowledge that they can cancel at any time is likely compelling for users who are worried about forgetting to take this step at the end of the 30 days.

Plus, like every other digital campaign (and the remainder of the examples we'll cover on this page), this ad gives visitors the option to take immediate action by clicking a button.

In this case, the user can start streaming content from the platform immediately.

And with no risk at all, that's a fairly appealing offer.

2. Strive For Clarity

You can have the most beautifully designed landing page in the world, with stunning graphics and an impeccable advertising strategy in place for attracting traffic.

But if the copy on that page doesn't tell visitors why they should take action, it's useless.

Copy is what connects with visitors, and convinces them that they want to take action. It does this by explaining what they stand to gain by doing so.

Of course, there's tons of room for creativity within marketing copy. An experienced copywriter can make even the least "exciting" products sound interesting.

But as you develop your CTA copy, remember to be as clear as possible about what you're offering.

Innovative copy is great for spicing up a page and grabbing visitors' attention. But if it creates any confusion about what that page is offering, it's counterproductive.

That's why the most effective CTAs are extremely straightforward.

For example, take a look at this email from Buffer.

To kick things off, it highlights the importance of Instagram for businesses. If a user isn't sure why they should be interested in learning about the platform, that uncertainty is addressed within those first two sentences.

From there, the offer is completely benefits-oriented. The copy offers free information, asking for nothing in return.

The reader doesn't even need to provide an email address or fill out a form. All they have to do is click a button!

And the button itself is more than a vague, uninspiring "click here" command. Its bright blue shade immediately stands out from the rest of the email's content.

Then, its copy reinforces exactly what a reader will gain (growth tips) by clicking it. And its use of the action verb Get is a great way to inspire a sense of action.

If you've ever researched ways to optimize your CTA buttons, you've likely heard that it's considered a "best practice" to incorporate action verbs.

And that's true.

But if you think back to the traditional CTA examples above, you'll realize that's by no means a new concept in the marketing world. Each of the direct mail examples includes some variation of the directive "send," "mail," or "return."

This is simple usability! You need to tell people what you want them to do in order for them to do it.

And although the exact verbs we use today are a bit different, the basic idea remains the same.

So even when using the three principles above, based on traditional campaigns, this Buffer email measures up.

It includes the same basic techniques that work for direct mail, but improves on them, because there's no bulky paragraph with complex instructions for responding.

Instead, they use that valuable space to clearly explain what they're offering — so that by the time the user reaches that simple button, they know exactly why they should click it.

3. Highlight Immediate Benefits

As I've mentioned a few times already, one of the biggest advantages digital marketing has over its traditional predecessors is the potential to deliver immediate gratification.

You can give your customers downloadable resources, access to tools, and premium services all within seconds of their conversion.

That's pretty incredible!

Of course, it's not quite as straightforward for all industries. SaaS companies, for example, can offer instant access to their full product — while ecommerce retailers and service-based businesses typically have a bit of a waiting period.

Still, almost any business can offer immediate payment processing and order confirmation.

And who doesn't love knowing that they've successfully ordered a product to their home, without ever leaving the couch? (That's a rhetorical question.)

But regardless of industry and business model, any company can offer their customers some type of immediate gratification. Even if it's not in the form of their main product or service, they can give a lead or prospect something for converting.

Today, one of the most popular ways of doing this is offering free downloadable content.

For example, take a look at this CTA for Optinmonster's guide to converting abandoned site visitors into subscribers.

If you're unfamiliar with Optinmonster, it's important to note that content like this is not their main product. The company sells tools for helping site owners increase their conversion rates and generate more leads.

But most people won't be ready to sign up for a monthly plan during their first visit to the site.

In order to keep those first-time visitors interested, the company offers this free guide that's directly related to its product, and highly relevant to anyone who's considering purchasing a subscription to CRO tools.

After all, if someone is prepared to spend their marketing budget on a product designed to convert site visitors, why wouldn't they want free information on accomplishing that same goal?

Including this option on their site gives the company the ability to offer all of their visitors an immediate reward for engaging with their content.

And this is a strategy that almost any business can replicate.

Just take a look at this pop-up offer on Rascal Rides:

The site caters to parents shopping for bikes, bike accessories, and safety gear for their kids. So it makes perfect sense that their visitors would be interested in a children's bike shopping guide.

Even if a visitor isn't ready to select and purchase a product right away, the site still offers something they can access immediately. Parents can start learning about the factors they need to consider while shopping within seconds of providing their email address.

So as you develop your CTAs, look for ways to provide immediate value to your visitors.

The sooner they can start seeing the benefits of taking action, the more compelled they'll be to do just that.

4. Include Secondary CTAs

In the previous section, you likely noticed that the examples showing instant gratification weren't for those companies' main products or services.

That wasn't by mistake.

Although your site is likely designed with one specific, high-value action in mind, that shouldn't be the only action you give users the option to take. You might want all of your visitors to immediately make a purchase — but unfortunately, that's unrealistic.

And when you limit your site to one call to action, you essentially give your visitors an ultimatum: Take that action, or leave.

When you add some extra options into the mix, however, you reduce odds of a visitor leaving simply because they're not ready to take your main offer.

The first way to do this, as we covered in the previous section, is to come up with additional "offers" visitors can take advantage of for free.

The second is simply to highlight ways that a user can stay engaged with your content.

For example, take a look at this landing page from T.C. Pharma.

The main CTA button tells visitors to contact the company to learn more.

But if someone doesn't want to take that action, they're presented with a clear alternative. The button immediately to the right of the main CTA lets them view the company's products.

This way, they're not driven away from the site just because they aren't far enough along in the buying process. They're encouraged to stay and learn more — which could help them get closer to a conversion.

5. Establish Credibility

Many digital advertising platforms today offer advanced targeting options that help marketers reach people that are likely to be part of their target audience.

This allows brands to focus their campaigns on website visitors that could be qualified leads and customers. It's a significant improvement over traditional options, which were typically limited to a particular TV channel or radio station's target demographic. However, the one advantage of that old-school marketing approach was name recognition.

After all, ads on a local radio station are likely for businesses within a 20-mile radius of you — so there's a higher chance you've heard of those businesses than the ones advertising to you on Facebook today.

So as you create ads for digital platforms, it's important to remember that even members of your target audience may be unfamiliar with your brand.

And you have a limited amount of time in which to establish your credibility. Even if you're advertising a free trial or another low-risk offer, you need to show your audience why they should trust you enough to take that step.

For example, take a look at this call to action example on this Facebook ad for a free trial from Pipedrive:

First, it's important to note that this ad is intended for a target audience that's already familiar with the concept of a CRM. This alone means that they need to set the rest of their targeting options fairly broad — beyond the other local businesses in their area.

And they show people who may be completely unfamiliar with their brand that they're trustworthy by including important credentials.

They emphasize that over "50,000 sales teams" use their product to stay organized, and highlight the fact that the platform was "built by salespeople for salespeople."

If a reader is interested in trying out new CRM software, this is plenty of information to get them interested in the free trial, even if this is their first interaction with the brand.

They know they're by no means the first to try the tool. And if 50,000 other companies already use and like it, there's no reason not to at least test out the free trial.

How Do You Know if Your CTA Is Working Well?

Once you've created your calls to action, whether they be in email, pop-ups or sprinkled throughout your blog posts, you'll want to make sure they're performing for you.

You can double check using website visitor analysis tools.

Understand How Website Visitors Are Interacting With Your Calls to Action

First, use heatmaps and scroll maps to determine whether people are responding to — or even seeing — your CTAs.

A scroll map shows you how far people scroll down your page before they leave. If they're leaving before they scroll all the way to, say, a call to action at the end of a blog post, you might want to make the CTA a callout toward the top of your post.

A heatmap will let you see how often people are interacting with your call to action. If your CTA button beckons readers to learn more by clicking, the button should be a glowing, warm red, not a cool blue.

You can also use visitor session Recordings to see why users are interacting with your call to action the way they are.

A recording will show you how someone moves about the screen in real-time. Watching one will help you answer questions like, "Are people getting stuck somewhere in particular? Does it seem like they're confused about the next steps with my CTA?"

A/B Testing Your Call to Action Buttons Is a Must

Once you've figured out what you think is the problem with a call to action button, it's essential that you A/B test a solution. An A/B test will let you publish two versions of the same CTA to see which one performs better.

If your CTA button seems to be in the wrong place, for instance, you can test various placements to see which is more effective.

Start Using Crazy Egg Tools

Look at your CTAs and ask yourself, "What goal am I trying to achieve, here? How is my CTA message encouraging my website visitors to achieve that goal?"

Once you've answered those two questions, usability and testing tools can help you create the best CTAs possible.

Conclusion

Marketing has changed a lot over the past few years, but the ultimate goal has remained the same. You need to drive consumers to take action.

CTAs are essential for making this happen. So as a marketer, it's critical that you learn to write effective ones.

As trends shift and new platforms emerge, the principles of writing effective CTA copy have remained consistent:

Emphasize a low barrier to entry
Include a clear directive
Encourage immediate action